Bio Effects Model: References Cited

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Biological and Ecological Effects References Cited

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References Cited

Aasen, G. A. 1999. Juvenile delta smelt use of shallow-water and channel habitats in California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin estuary. California Fish and Game 85:161–169. (Download PDF, 652k)

Adams, B. L., W. S. Zaugg and L. R. McLain. 1973. Temperature effect on parr–smolt transformation in steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) as measured by gill sodium–potassium stimulated adenosine triphosphatase. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 44A: 1333–1339. Cited in: Myrick, C. A. and J. J. Cech, Jr. 2001. Bay-Delta Modeling Forum. Technical publication 01-1. Temperature effects on Chinook salmon and steelhead: a review focusing on California’s Central Valley populations. Available at: http://www.pacificorp.com/File/File43061.pdf.

Adams, B. L., Zaugg, W. S., and McLain, L. R. 1975. Inhibition of salt water survival and Na-K-ATPase elevation in steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) by moderate water temperatures. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 104: 766 - 769. Cited in: Myrick, C. A. and J. J. Cech, Jr. 2001. Bay-Delta Modeling Forum. Technical publication 01-1. Temperature effects on Chinook salmon and steelhead: a review focusing on California’s Central Valley populations. Available at: http://www.pacificorp.com/File/File43061.pdf.

Alabaster, J. S., and R. Lloyd. 1982. Water quality criteria for freshwater fish. 2^nd edition. Pp. 127-142. London, England: Butterworth Scientific. [file not available]

Alabaster, J. S. 1988. The DO requirements of upstream migrant Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, in the lower Willamette River, Oregon. Journal of Fish Biology 32:635-636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05402.x

Alabaster, J. S. 1988. The DO requirements of upstream migrant Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, in the lower Willamette River, Oregon Journal of Fish Biology 32:635-636. Cited in: McCullough, D. A. 1999. A review and synthesis of effects of alterations to the water temperature regime on freshwater life stages of salmonids, with special reference to Chinook salmon. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 10, Seattle, WA. Published as EPA 910-R-99-010. July. 291 pp. Available at: http://www.critfc.org/tech/EPAreport.pdf

Andrew, F. J., and G. H. Geen. 1960. Sockeye and pink salmon production in relation to proposed dams in the Fraser River system. Int. Pacific Salmon Fish. Comm. Bull. XI. 259 pp. Cited in: Raleigh, R. F; W. J. Miller, and P. C. Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves Chinook salmon biological report. National Ecology Center (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (Washington, DC.); 82-10.122 U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (Download PDF, 3.1MB)

Bailey, H. C., C. Alexander, C. Digiorgio, M.Miller, S.I. Doroshov, and D.E. Hinton. 1994. The effect of agricultural discharges on striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin drainage. Ecotoxicology 3:123-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00143410

Baker, P. T., T. P. Speed and F. K. Ligon. 1995. Estimating the influence of temperature on the survival of Chinook salmon smolts migrating through the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta of California. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52:855–863. http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester= gs&collection=ENV&recid=3849390

Baker, P. F., and J. E. Morhardt. 2001. Survival of Chinook salmon smolts in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and Pacific Ocean. Fish Bulletin 179. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. pp. 163–182. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

Baker, P. F., and J. E. Morhardt. 2001. Survival of Chinook salmon smolts in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and Pacific Ocean. Fish Bulletin 179. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. pp. 173–175. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

Barrow, T. M. and E. J. Peters. 2001. Movements of rainbow trout in response to dissolved oxygen and food availability in Lake Ogallala, Nebraska. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 16(3):321–329. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/5f1f5b452383c7eb.html

Bay Delta and Tributaries (BDAT). 2005. Data retrieval; data category = fisheries. Available at: http://bdat.ca.gov/Php/Data_Retrieval/data_retrieval_by_category_Stations.php? category_code=12&category_name=Fisheries. Accessed: March 16, 2006. [Download PDF, 444k]

Beamish, F. W. H. 1978. Swimming capacity of fish. In: Fish Physiology (eds. W.S. Hoar and D.J. Randall), Vol. 7, Academic Press, Inc., New York, N.Y., pp.101-187. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/afa569d8b93b6f00.html

Bennett, W. A., W. J. Kimmerer, and J. R. Burau. 2002. Plasticity in vertical migration by native and exotic estuarine fishes in a dynamic low-salinity zone. Limnology and Oceanography 47:1496–1507. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/adb3c1e865d6fd0b.html

Bennett, W. A. 2005. Critical assessment of the delta smelt population in the San Francisco estuary, California. San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 3:1–71. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/jmie/sfews/vol3/iss2/art1/

Biology-Online.org. 2005. Biology-Online.org, Swimming Speed. Last revised: October 3, 2005. Available at: http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Swimming_speed. Accessed: May 23, 2006

Bowker, R. G., D. J. Baumgartner, J. A. Hutcheson, R. H. Ray, and T. C. Wellborn, Jr. 1969. Striped bass Morone saxatilis (Walbaum) 1968 report on the development of essential requirements for production. US Fish and Wildlife Service Publication, Washington, DC. 112 pp. Cited in: EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2003. Ambient water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water clarity and chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. EPA (Region III), Report 903-R-03-002, Annapolis, MD. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Brandes, P. L. and J. S. McLain. 2001. Juvenile Chinook salmon abundance, distribution, and survival in the Sacramento–San Joaquin estuary. Fish Bulletin 179, Vol. 2. Contributions to the biology of Central Valley salmonids. pp. 39–95. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

Breitburg, D. L. 1992. Episodic hypoxia in Chesapeake Bay: Interacting effects of recruitment, behavior and physical disturbance. Ecological Monographs 62(4):525-546. http://www.jstor.org/journals/00129615.html

Breitburg, D. L. 1994. Behavioral response of fish larvae to low dissolved oxygen concentrations in a stratified water column. Marine Biology 120:615-625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350083

Breitburg, D. L., T. Loher, C. A. Pacey, and A. Gerstein. 1997. Varying effects of low dissolved oxygen on trophic interactions in an estuarine food web. Ecological Monographs, 67(4):489–507. http://www.jstor.org/journals/00129615.html

Breitburg, D.L. 2000. Does low oxygen favor gelatinous zooplankton in eutrophic estuaries. In: Abstracts of the International Conference on Jellyfish Blooms. January 2000. Gulf Shores, Alabama. Published special section of Hydrobiologica v.451. [file not available]

Breitburg, D. L., L. Pihl and S. E. Kolesar. 2001. Effects of low dissolved oxygen on the behavior, ecology and harvest of fishes: A comparison of the Chesapeake Bay and Baltic-Kattegat systems. Cited in: Coastal Hypoxia: Consequences for living resources and ecosystems. Coastal and Estuarine Studies 58, Rabelais, N. N. and R. E. Turner, eds. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C. As cited in: EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2003. Ambient water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water clarity and chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. EPA (Region III), Report 903-R-03-002, Annapolis, MD. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Breitburg, D. 2002. Effects of hypoxia, and the balance between hypoxia and enrichment, on coastal fishes and fisheries. August. Estuaries. Vol. 25. No. 4b. p. 767–781. Cited in: EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2003. Ambient water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water clarity and chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. EPA (Region III), Report 903-R-03-002, Annapolis, MD. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Breitburg, D. 2002. Effects of hypoxia, and the balance between hypoxia and enrichment, on coastal fishes and fisheries. Estuaries. 25(4b):767–781. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/b5321b41146335c4.html

Brett, J.R. 1979. Environmental factors and growth. In: W.S. Hoar and D. J. Randall (eds.) Fish Physiology, Vol. 8, pp. 599–675. London, New York: Academic Press. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/afa569d8b93b6f00.html

Brungs, W. A. 1971. Chronic effects of low dissolved oxygen concentrations on the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28:1119–1123. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/aeb0bec8824b2dd4.html

Bulak, J. S., C. S. Thomason, K. Han and B. Ely. 2004. Genetic variation and management of striped bass populations in the coastal rivers of South Carolina. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24:1322–1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/M03-039.1

Burggren, W. W., and D. J. Randall. 1978. Oxygen uptake and transport during hypoxic exposure in the sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus. Respiration Physiol. 34:171–183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0034-5687(78)90026-9

California Department of Fish and Game. n.d. Unpublished data. Cited in: McEwan, D.R. 2001. Central Valley steelhead. Fish Bulletin 179, Volume 1. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. 2001. pp. 1–44. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

California Department of Fish and Game. 2000b. Memorandum from R. Baxter to D. McEwan regarding Calaveras River smolt steelhead sampling dated 21 April 2000. Cited in: McEwan, D.R. 2001. Central Valley steelhead. Fish Bulletin 179, Volume 1. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. 2001. pp. 1–44. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

California Department of Fish and Game. 2001. Memorandum from K. Kundargi to files regarding observation of steelhead in the Tuolumne River dated 21 January 2001. Cited in: McEwan, D.R. 2001. Central Valley steelhead. Fish Bulletin 179, Volume 1. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. 2001. pp. 1–44. http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

California Department of Fish and Game (DFG). 2005. Central Valley Bay-Delta Branch. Striped bass in San Francisco Bay. November. Available at: http://www.delta.dfg.ca.gov/baydelta/monitoring/striper.asp. Accessed: November 10, 2005.

Cech, J. J., Jr., S. J. Mitchell, and T. E. Wragg. 1984. Comparative growth of juvenile white sturgeon and striped bass: effects of temperature and hypoxia. Estuaries7:12–18. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/b5321b41146335c4.html

Cech, J. J. Jr., S. J. Mitchell, D. T. Castleberry, and M. McEnroe. 1990. Distribution of California stream fishes: influence ofenvironmental temperature and hypoxia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 29:95–105, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005026

Cech, J. J., Jr., and C. E. Crocker. 2002. Physiology of sturgeon: effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia. J. Appl. Ichthyology 18:320–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0426.2002.00362.x

Cech, J. J., Jr. and S. I. Doroshov. 2004. Chapter 3: Environmental requirements, preferences, and tolerance limits of North American sturgeons. Pages 73–86 in G. T. O. Lebreton, F. W. H. Beamish, R. S. McKinley (eds), Sturgeons and Paddlefish of North America. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/c20e511b313f4cf9a19afeb4da09e526.html

Chadwick, H. K. 1967. Recent migrations of the Sacramento–San Joaquin River striped bass population. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 96:327–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1967)96[327:RMOTSJ]2.0.CO;2

Chapman, G. 1986. Ambient aquatic life water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen (freshwater). EPA-440/5-86-003. Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Criteria & Standards Division. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Chigbu, P., T. H. Sibley. 1994. Diet and growth of longfin smelt and juvenile sockeye salmon in Lake Washington. Internationale Vereinigung fur Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie. 25:2086-2091. [no file available]

Chittenden, M. E., Jr. 1971. Status of striped bass, Morone saxatilis, in the Delaware River. Chesapeake Science 12:131–136. Cited in: EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2003. Ambient water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water clarity and chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. EPA (Region III), Report 903-R-03-002, Annapolis, MD. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Chittenden, M. E., Jr. 1971a. Status of striped bass, Morone saxatilis, in the Delaware River. Chesapeake Science 12:131–136. Cited in: Coutant, C. C. 1985. Striped bass, temperature, and dissolved oxygen: a speculative hypothesis for environmental risk. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 114:31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1985)114<31:SBTADO>2.0.CO;2

Chittenden, M. E., Jr. 1971b. Effects of handling and salinity on oxygen requirements of striped bass, Morone saxatilis. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 28:1823–1830. Cited in: Coutant, C. C. 1985. Striped bass, temperature, and dissolved oxygen: a speculative hypothesis for environmental risk. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 114:31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1985)114<31:SBTADO>2.0.CO;2

Coutant, C. C. 1985. Striped bass, temperature, and dissolved oxygen: a speculative hypothesis for environmental risk. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 114:31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1985)114<31:SBTADO>2.0.CO;2

Coutant, C. C. 1987. Poor reproductive success of striped bass from a reservoir with reduced summer habitat. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 116:154–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1987)116<154:PRSOSB>2.0.CO;2

Coutant, C. C. 1990. Temperature-oxygen habitat for freshwater and coastal striped bass in a changing climate. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119:240–253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1990)119<0240:THFFAC>2.3.CO;2

Coutant, C. C. and D. L. Benson. 1990. Summer habitat suitability for striped bass in Chesapeake Bay: reflections on a population decline. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 119:757–778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1990)119<0757:SHSFSB>2.3.CO;2

Coutant, C. C., and D. S. Carroll. 1980. Temperatures occupied by ten ultrasonic-tagged striped bass in freshwater lakes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 109:195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1980)109<195:TOBTUS>2.0.CO;2

Coutant, C. C., K. L. Zachman, D. K. Cox, and B. L. Pearman. 1984. Temperature selection by juvenile striped bass in laboratory and field. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 113:666–667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1984)113<666:TSBJSB>2.0.CO;2

Cox, D. K., and C. C. Coutant. 1981. Growth dynamics of juvenile striped bass as functions of temperature and ration. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 110:226–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1981)110<226:GDOJSB>2.0.CO;2

Dalla Via, J., G. Van den Thillart, O. Cattani, and A. De Zwaan. 1994. Influence of long-term hypoxia exposure on the energy metabolism of Solea solea. II. Intermediary metabolism in blood, liver and muscle. Marine Ecology Progress Series 111:17–27. Cited in: Breitburg, D. 2002. Effects of hypoxia, and the balance between hypoxia and enrichment, on coastal fishes and fisheries. August. Estuaries. Vol. 25. No. 4b. p. 767–781. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/b5321b41146335c4.html

Davis, G. E., J. Foster, C. E. Warren, and P. Doudoroff. 1963. The influence of oxygen concentration on the swimming performance of juvenile Pacific salmon at various temperatures. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 92:111–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1963)92[111:TIOOCO]2.0.CO;2

Davis, G. E., J. Foster, C. E. Warren, and P. Doudoroff. 1963. The influence of oxygen concentration on the swimming performance of juvenile Pacific salmon at various temperatures. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 92:111–124. Cited in: Hicks, M. 2000. Evaluating criteria for the protection of aquatic life in Washington’s surface water quality standards—dissolved oxygen. Draft discussion paper and literature summary. Revised December 2002. Pp. 44–46, pg. 76. Washington State Department of Ecology, Pub. No. 00-10-071, Olympia, WA. (Download PDF, 652k)

Davis, J. C. 1975. Minimal dissolved oxygen requirements of aquatic life with emphasis on Canadian species: a review. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 32:2295–2332. Cited in: Hicks, M. 2000. Evaluating criteria for the protection of aquatic life in Washington’s surface water quality standards—dissolved oxygen. Draft discussion paper and literature summary. Revised December 2002. Pp. 44–46, pg. 76. Washington State Department of Ecology, Pub. No. 00-10-071, Olympia, WA. (Download PDF, 652k)

Dean, D. L., and J. Richardson. 1999. Responses of seven native fish species and one species of shrimp to low levels of dissolved oxygen. National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd. Hamilton, NZ. [file not available]

Demko, D. B., and S. P. Cramer. 1997. Outmigrant trapping of juvenile salmonids in the lower Stanislaus River, Caswell State Park Site 1996. Final report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under subcontract to CH2MHill. 144p. Cited in: McEwan, D.R. 2001. Central Valley steelhead. Fish Bulletin 179, Volume 1. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. 2001. pp. 1–44. Available at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

Demko, D. B., and S. P. Cramer. 1998. Outmigrant trapping of juvenile salmonids in the lower Stanislaus River, Caswell State Park Site 1997. Final report submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under subcontract to CH2MHill. 101p. Cited in: McEwan, D.R. 2001. Central Valley steelhead. Fish Bulletin 179, Volume 1. Contributions to the Biology of Central Valley Salmonids. 2001. pp. 1–44. http://repositories.cdlib.org/sio/lib/fb/179/

Dorfman , D., and J. Westman. 1970. Responses of some anadromous fishes to varied oxygen concentrations and increased temperatures. North Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers Cook College, New Jersey Water Resources Research Institute. [file not available]

Doudoroff, P. and D.L. Shumway. 1970. Dissolved oxygen requirements of freshwater fishes. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper no.86. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (Download PDF, 6.2MB)

Downing, K.M. and J.C. Merkens 1955. The influence of dissolved-oxygen concentration on the toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson) Annals of Applied Biology 42: 243–246. Cited in: Chapman, G. 1986. Ambient aquatic life water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen (freshwater). EPA-440/5-86-003. Washington, D.C.: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Criteria & Standards Division. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Ebersole, J. L; W. J. Liss, and C. A. Frissell. 2001. Relationship between stream temperatures, thermal refugia and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss abundance in arid-land streams in the northwestern United States. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 10:1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100101.x

EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2003. Ambient water quality criteria for dissolved oxygen, water clarity and chlorophyll a for the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries. EPA (Region III), Report 903-R-03-002, Annapolis, MD. (Download PDF, 3.4MB)

Erman, D. C., and G.R. Leidy. 1975. Downstream movement of rainbow trout fry in a tributary of Sagehen Creek, under permanent and intermittent flow. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 104:467–473. Cited in: McCullough, D. A. 1999. A review and synthesis of effects of alterations to the water temperature regime on freshwater life stages of salmonids, with special reference to Chinook salmon. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 10, Seattle, WA. Published as EPA 910-R-99-010. July. 291 pp. Available at: http://www.critfc.org/tech/EPAreport.pdf

Evans, J. J., C. A. Shoemaker, and P. H. Klesius. 2003. Effects of sublethal dissolved oxygen stress on blood glucose and susceptibility to Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 15:202–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/H03-024

Facey D.E. and G.D. Grossman. 1990. The metabolic cost of maintaining position for four North American stream fishes: effects of season and velocity. Physiological Zoology 63:757–776. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/159e2f84908bd978a19afeb4da09e526.html

Foss, S. 2004. Fish salvage at the State Water Project and Central Valley Project fish facilities. IEP Newsletter, Spring 2004. Available at: http://www.iep.water.ca.gov/report/newsletter/

Fried, S. M., J. D. McCleave, and G. W. Le Bar. 1978. Seaward migration of hatchery reared Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, smolts in the Penobscot River estuary, Maine: riverene movements. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada. 35: 76–87. Cited in: Meehan, W. R. editor. 1991. Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitat. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 19. Bethesda, MD. pp.103–138. [file not available]

Froese, R. and D. Pauly (eds.). 2006. FishBase. Revised 02/2006. Available at: http://www.fishbase.org. [Download PDF, 56k]

Fry, F. E. J. 1971. The effect of environmental factors on the physiology of fish. In: W.S. Hoar and D. J. Randall (eds.) Fish Physiology, Vol. 6, pp. 1–98. London, New York: Academic Press. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/afa569d8b93b6f00.html

Gisbert, E., J.J. Cech, Jr. and S.J. Doroshov. 2001. Routine metabolism of larval green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostria Ayres). Fish Physiol. Biochem. 25:195–200. Cited in: Cech, J. J., Jr. and S. I. Doroshov. 2004. Chapter 3: Environmental requirements, preferences, and tolerance limits of North American sturgeons. Pages 73–86 in G. T. O. Lebreton, F. W. H. Beamish, R. S. McKinley (eds), Sturgeons and Paddlefish of North America. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/c20e511b313f4cf9a19afeb4da09e526.html

Gordon, M. S. 1968. Oxygen consumption of red and white muscles from tuna fishes. Science 159:87–90. Cited in: Cech, J. J. Jr., S. J. Mitchell, D. T. Castleberry, and M. McEnroe. 1990. Distribution of California stream fishes: influence of environmental temperature and hypoxia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 29:95–105, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005026

Hallock, R. J., R. F. Elwell, and D. H. Fry, Jr. 1970. Migrations of adult king salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the San Joaquin Delta. California Department of Fish and Game. Fish Bulletin 151. (Download PDF, 7.6MB)

Heugens, E. H. W., J. A. Hendriks, T. Dekker, N. M. Van Straalen, and W. Admiraal. 2002. A review of the effects of multiple stressors on aquatic organisms and analysis of uncertainty factors for use in risk assessment. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 31(3):247–384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20014091111695

Hicks, M. 2000. Evaluating criteria for the protection of aquatic life in Washington’s surface water quality standards—dissolved oxygen. Draft discussion paper and literature summary. Revised December 2002. Pp. 44–46, pg. 76. Washington State Department of Ecology, Pub. No. 00-10-071, Olympia, WA. (Download PDF, 652k)

Hoar, W. S. 1988. The physiology of smolting salmonids. Pages 275–343 in W.S. Hoar and D.J. Randall (eds.), Fish physiology. Vol XIB. New York: Academic Press. Cited in: Myrick, C. A. and J. J. Cech, Jr. 2001. Bay-Delta Modeling Forum. Technical publication 01-1. Temperature effects on Chinook salmon and steelhead: a review focusing on California’s Central Valley populations. Available at: http://www.pacificorp.com/File/File43061.pdf.

Hoar, W. S. 1988. The physiology of smolting salmonids. Pages 275–343 in W.S. Hoar and D.J. Randall (eds.), Fish physiology. Vol XIB. New York: Academic Press. Cited in: McCullough, D. A. 1999. A review and synthesis of effects of alterations to the water temperature regime on freshwater life stages of salmonids, with special reference to Chinook salmon. Prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 10, Seattle, WA. Published as EPA 910-R-99-010. July. 291 pp. Available at: http://www.critfc.org/tech/EPAreport.pdf

Holeton, G.F. 1980. Oxygen as an environmental factor of fishes. Pages 7–32 in M.A. Ali (ed). Environmental Physiology of Fishes. New York, New York: Plenum Press. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/a52436f1627cf994.html

Hubbs, C. L. 1943. Terminology of early stages of fishes. Copeia no.4:260. http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/top3mset/d3a6fd345d9b17d5.html

Ishitobi, Y., J. Hiratsuka, H. Kuwabara, and M. Yamamuro. 2000. Comparison of fish fauna in three areas of adjacent eutrophic estuarine lagoons with different salinities. Journal of Marine Systems 26:171–181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-7963(00)00052-X

Itazawa, Y. 1971. An estimation of the minimum level of dissolved oxygen in water required for normal life of fish. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 37 (4), 273–276. Cited in: Alabaster, J. S., and R. Lloyd. 1982. Water quality criteria for freshwater fish. 2^nd edition. Pp. 127-142. London, England: Butterworth Scientific. [file not available]

Jarvi, T. 1990. Cumulative acute physiological stress in Atlantic salmon smolts: the effect of osmotic imbalance and the presence of predators. Aquaculture 89:337–350. Cited in: Mesa, M. G. 1994. Effects of multiple acute stressors on the predator avoidance ability and physiology of juvenile Chinook salmon. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 123:786–796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1994)123<0786:EOMASO>2.3.CO;2

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